Ohm’s Law is one of the foundational principles in electrical and electronic engineering. It defines the relationship between Voltage (V), Current (I), and Resistance (R) in an electrical circuit.
The law is named after **Georg Simon Ohm**, a German physicist who first formulated it in 1827. It is represented by the formula:
V = I × R
From this, you can also derive:
Where:
V is the voltage in volts (V),
I is the current in amperes (A),
R is the resistance in ohms (Ω).
Ohm's Law explains how electric current flows through a conductor. When a voltage is applied across a resistor, electrons begin to move — creating current. The amount of this current depends on the resistance and the applied voltage.
In practice, Ohm’s Law helps engineers:
Although idealized, Ohm’s Law holds true in most conductors at constant temperature. However, in some components like semiconductors or under high temperature variations, the relationship may become nonlinear.
Mastery of Ohm’s Law is essential not only for electrical professionals but also for students and hobbyists working with circuits, as it forms the backbone of all electrical calculations.